In the ever-evolving landscape of military strategy, one publication stands out as a significant contribution to the field. "Defining Military Strategy = E + W + M" by Arthur F. Lykke, a retired colonel and esteemed professor at the Army War College, was published in the May 1989 edition of Military Review. This thought-provoking article delves into the multifaceted nature of military strategy and proposes a comprehensive framework for its definition.

Lykke begins by emphasizing the importance of a clear and concise definition of military strategy. He argues that a solid understanding of strategy is paramount for military leaders as it guides their decision-making processes and shapes their operational approach. Without a well-defined strategy, military actions may lack coherence and fail to achieve desired objectives.

The crux of Lykke's argument lies in his formula: "Defining Military Strategy = E + W + M." He breaks down this formula into three key elements: Ends, Ways, and Means. According to Lykke, these components are interconnected and form the foundation of effective military strategy.

The first element, Ends, refers to the desired outcomes or objectives that a military force seeks to achieve. These could range from securing a specific territory to neutralizing an enemy threat or fostering stability in a particular region. Lykke stresses the importance of clearly defining these ends to ensure a shared understanding among military leaders and personnel.

The second element, Ways, encompasses the various methods and approaches employed to achieve the defined ends. It involves the development and execution of operational plans, the allocation of resources, and the utilization of different military capabilities. Lykke emphasizes the need for creativity and adaptability in determining the most effective ways to accomplish strategic objectives.

The third element, Means, pertains to the resources and capabilities available to a military force. This includes personnel, equipment, technology, intelligence, logistics, and any other assets that contribute to the execution of the chosen ways. Lykke emphasizes the need for a realistic assessment of available means to ensure they align with the desired ends and the chosen ways.

Throughout the article, Lykke emphasizes the dynamic nature of military strategy. He acknowledges that strategies must be flexible and responsive to changing circumstances, including evolving technologies, geopolitical shifts, and emerging threats. By embracing this adaptability, military leaders can effectively navigate complex operational environments and achieve strategic success.

Lykke's article not only provides a conceptual framework for understanding military strategy but also offers practical insights for military professionals. His emphasis on the interconnectedness of Ends, Ways, and Means underscores the importance of a holistic and integrated approach to strategic planning. Moreover, his call for ongoing evaluation and refinement of strategies encourages a culture of continuous learning and improvement within military organizations.

"Defining Military Strategy = E + W + M" remains a seminal work in the field of military strategy. Its enduring relevance and insights continue to shape the thinking and practices of military leaders worldwide. As the nature of warfare evolves, Lykke's emphasis on a comprehensive and adaptable approach to strategy serves as a guiding principle for those tasked with protecting national security and ensuring global stability.